Assessing Drone Performance and Probability of Detection for Search and Rescue Operation in Northern Canada

Abstract

Drones are increasingly valuable in Search and Rescue (SAR) operations, offering rapid aerial coverage and improved situational awareness in remote environments. However, environmental constraints and operational limitations affect their effectiveness. This study evaluates drone deployability and operation in SAR missions across Northern Canada through statistical analysis of SAR operability in various weather conditions, accounting for seasonal variations, and Probability of Detection (PoD) in different search scenarios. The first research question classifies operability categories based on historical weather data, identifying periods and locations for reliable drone deployment, considering factors like temperature, wind speed, and seasonal changes. The second research question estimates PoD, assessing the likelihood of detecting Persons in Distress (PiDs) with drones under varying conditions, including terrain, sensor capabilities, and target visibility. This research aims to evaluate drone usefulness in SAR operations by identifying constraints, informing deployment planning, and supporting technological advancements to improve search effectiveness in remote, high-risk areas.